Monday, July 22, 2024

Computer Terms

The termination of the process due to a program or system fault    -    Abend(abnormal ending)

To terminate a process before completion. Generally used about a mainframe program, especially one that has gone awry.     -    Abort

The value of a number without its sign:    -    Absolute number.

A function used for absolute numbers in Excel is     -    ABS()

The main driver of the video card is a chip that speeds up the processing of graphics data.     -    accelerator chip

Friday, July 19, 2024

Computer Basics (MCQ's)

 


1. URL stands for

(a) Universal Research List
(b) Universal Resource List
(c) Uniform Resource Locator
(d) Uniform Research Locator
(e) None of the above


ANSWER: (c)

2. Which of the following is NOT a goal of the Transaction processing system?
(a) Capture, process and store transactions
(b) Produce a variety of documents related to Routine business activities
(c) Reduce manual effort associated with Processing business transactions
(d) Produce standard reports used for Management decision-making
(e) None of the above


ANSWER: (b)

3. When data changes in multiple lists and all lists are not updated, this causes
(a) Data redundancy
(b) Information overload
(c) Duplicate data
(d) Data inconsistency
(e) None of the above


ANSWER: (d)

4. Data becomes _ when it is presented in a format that people can understand and use.
(1) Processed
(2) Graphs
(3) Information
(4) Presentation
(5) None of these


ANSWER (3)

5. The term _ designates equipment that might be added to a computer system to enhance its functionality.
(1) Digital device
(2) System add-on
(3) Disk pack
(4) Peripheral device
(5) None of these


ANSWER (4)

6. What is the primary difference between viruses and a worm?
(a) A worm has the ability to self-propagate From an infected user’s computer to other Computers
(b) A worm is usually written by a cracker: Script bunnies do not have the skills to Develop a worm program
(c) A virus is very harmful to the computers it Infects: a worm is not a serious, a problem
(d) Anti-virus software is effective in fighting Viruses but not worms
(e) None of the above


ANSWER: (c)

7. You must install this on a network if you want to Share a broadband Internet connection.
(a) router
(b) Modem
(c) Node
(d) Cable
(e) None of these


ANSWER: (a)

8. ______________ is the ability of a device to ‘jump” directly to the requested data.
(1) Sequential access
(2) Random access
(3) Quick access
(4) All of these
(5) None of these


ANSWER (1)

9. Granting an outside organisation access to Internet web pages is often implemented using a (an)
(a) Extranet
(b) Intranet
(c) Internet
(d) Hacker
(e) None of these


ANSWER: (a)

10. The code that relational database management Systems use to perform their database task is Referred to as
(a) QBE
(b) SQL
(c) OLAP
(d) Sequel Server
(e) None of these


ANSWER: (b)

11. The purpose of the primary key in a database is to
(a) Unlock the database
(b) Provide a map of the data
(c) Uniquely identify a record
(d) Establish constraints on database operations
(e) None of the above


ANSWER: (b)

12. The instructions that tell a computer how to carry out the processing tasks are referred to as computer
(1) Programs
(2) Processors
(3) Input devices
(4) Memory modules
(5) None of these


ANSWER (1)

13. The ________________ is the amount of data that a storage device can move from the storage medium to the
computer per second.
(1) Data migration rate
(2) Data digitizing rate
(3) Data transfer rate
(4) Data access rate
(5) None of these


ANSWER (3)

14. C, BASIC, COBOL and Java examples of _languages.
(1) Low-level
(2) Computer
(3) System programming
(4) High-level
(5) None of the above


ANSWER (2)

15. A______________ is a microprocessor-based computing device.
(1) Personal computer
(2) Mainframe
(3) Workstation
(4) Server
(5) None of these


ANSWER (1)

16. The design of the network is called the network
(a) Architecture
(b) Server
(c) Transmission
(d) Type
(e) None of these


ANSWER: (a)

17. A _____________ converts all the statements in a program in a single batch and the resulting collection of Instructions is placed in a new file.
(1) Converter
(2) Compiler
(3) Interpreter
(4) Instruction
(5) None of these


ANSWER (2)

18. It uses pictures (called icons) and menus Displayed on the screen to send commands to the Computer system
(a) command-based user interface
(b) GUI
(c) System utility
(d) API
(e) None of the above


ANSWER: (b)

19. It contains data descriptions and defines the Name, data type, and length of each field in the Database
(a) Data dictionary
(b) Data table
(C) Data record
(d) Data field
(e) None of these


ANSWER: (a)

20. A is an additional set of commands that the computer displays after you make a selection from the main menu.
(1) Dialog box
(2) Submenu
(3) Menu selection
(4) All of these
(5) None of these


ANSWER (2)

21. Which of the following is NOT a type of Broadband internet connection?
(a) Cable
(b) DSL
(c) Dial-up
(d) Satellite
(e) None of these


ANSWER: (c)

22. in making a field this property shows that it Cannot be left blank
(a) Numeric
(b) Required
(c) Calculated
(d) Validated
(e) None of these


ANSWER: (b)

23. some viruses are triggered by the Passage of time or on a certain date
(a) Boot-sector viruses
(b) Macro viruses
(c) Time bombs
(d) Worms
(e) None of these


ANSWER: (c)

24. What is a backup?
(a) Restoring the information backup
(b) An exact copy of a system’s information
(c) The ability to get a system up and running In the event of a system crash or failure
(d) All of the above
(e) None of the above


ANSWER: (d)

25. The internet is
(a) A large network of networks
(b) An internal communication system for a Business
(c) A communication system for the Indian Government
(d) All of the above
(e) None of the above


ANSWER: (d)



26. Which of the following languages is more suited to a structured program?



A. PL/1

B. FORTRAN

C. BASIC

D. PASCAL

E. None of the above

Answer: Option D


27. A computer-assisted method for the recording and analyzing of existing or hypothetical systems is

A. Data transmission

B. Data flow

C. Data capture

D. Data processing

E. None of the above

Answer: Option B


28. The brain of any computer system is



A. ALU

B. Memory

C. CPU

D. Control unit

E. None of the above

Answer: Option C


29. What difference does the 5th generation computer have from other generation computers?


A. Technological advancement

B. Scientific code

C. Object Oriented Programming

D. All of the above

E. None of the above

Answer: Option A


30. Which of the following computer languages is used for artificial intelligence?


A. FORTRAN

B. PROLOG

C. C

D. COBOL

E. None of the above

Answer: Option B

Operating System- types and work

An (OS) is the most important software that runs on a computer, managing its memory, processes, and software. It acts as a mediator between the user and the computer's hardware, communicating with different parts of the computer to ensure they work together to execute commands from applications. 

There are many different types of operating systems, including:
Real-time operating systems
Designed to respond to events in real time, with a very small time interval required to process and respond to inputs
Distributed operating systems
Designed to operate on a network of computers, and are often used to distribute software applications and data, or manage the resources of multiple computers
Network operating systems
Connect various systems to a server, allowing them to share resources such as files, printers, and applications
Batch operating systems
Remove the downtime of loading programs for similar tasks repeatedly
Multitasking operating systems
Allow multiple applications to run simultaneously on a single processor machine, and are found on desktop and laptop computers, as well as on most mobile phones and tablets
Multiprocessor operating systems
Enhance system performance by allowing numerous processes to be executed in parallel, reducing the total time needed to execute individual jobs 
An OS can also provide options to manage how each device behaves, such as setting up your keyboard to type in a specific language or making it so that the mouse only moves one screen at a time. 

हिंदी में:-
ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम (OS) सबसे महत्वपूर्ण सॉफ्टवेयर है जो कंप्यूटर पर चलता है, इसकी मेमोरी, प्रक्रियाओं और सॉफ्टवेयर का प्रबंधन करता है। यह उपयोगकर्ता और कंप्यूटर के हार्डवेयर के बीच मध्यस्थ के रूप में कार्य करता है, कंप्यूटर के विभिन्न भागों के साथ संचार करता है ताकि यह सुनिश्चित हो सके कि वे अनुप्रयोगों से आदेशों को निष्पादित करने के लिए एक साथ काम करते हैं ।   

ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम के कई अलग-अलग प्रकार हैं, जिनमें शामिल हैं:
वास्तविक समय ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम
वास्तविक समय में घटनाओं पर प्रतिक्रिया देने के लिए डिज़ाइन किया गया, इनपुट को संसाधित करने और प्रतिक्रिया देने के लिए बहुत कम समय अंतराल की आवश्यकता होती है
वितरित ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम
कंप्यूटर के नेटवर्क पर काम करने के लिए डिज़ाइन किया गया है, और अक्सर सॉफ्टवेयर अनुप्रयोगों और डेटा को वितरित करने या कई कंप्यूटरों के संसाधनों का प्रबंधन करने के लिए उपयोग किया जाता है
नेटवर्क ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम
विभिन्न प्रणालियों को सर्वर से कनेक्ट करें, जिससे उन्हें फ़ाइलें, प्रिंटर और एप्लिकेशन जैसे संसाधनों को साझा करने की अनुमति मिले
बैच ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम
समान कार्यों के लिए बार-बार प्रोग्राम लोड करने के डाउनटाइम को हटाएँ
मल्टीटास्किंग ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम
एक ही प्रोसेसर मशीन पर एक साथ कई एप्लिकेशन चलाने की अनुमति देता है, और डेस्कटॉप और लैपटॉप कंप्यूटरों के साथ-साथ अधिकांश मोबाइल फोन और टैबलेट पर भी पाया जाता है
मल्टीप्रोसेसर ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम
अनेक प्रक्रियाओं को समानांतर रूप से निष्पादित करने की अनुमति देकर सिस्टम प्रदर्शन को बढ़ाएं, जिससे व्यक्तिगत कार्यों को निष्पादित करने के लिए आवश्यक कुल समय कम हो जाएगा   
एक ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम प्रत्येक डिवाइस के व्यवहार को प्रबंधित करने के लिए विकल्प भी प्रदान कर सकता है, जैसे कि आपके कीबोर्ड को किसी विशिष्ट भाषा में टाइप करने के लिए सेट करना या ऐसा बनाना कि माउस एक समय में केवल एक स्क्रीन को ही चलाए। 

Computer Terms

The termination of the process due to a program or system fault      -      Abend(abnormal ending) To terminate a process before completion....